The 2017 National Child Count of Children and Youth who are Deaf-Blind
NCDB The National Center on Deaf-Blindness October 2018
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Table of Contents
The 2017 National Child Count of Children and Youth who are Deaf-Blind ..................... 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 4 Data Elements in the National Deaf-Blind Child Count ............................................... 5 Considerations for the Reader ................................................................................ 6 Overall Population Demographics ............................................................................ 7 State Child Count Totals ..................................................................................... 8 Age of Child ..................................................................................................... 10 Race/Ethnicity .................................................................................................. 11 Gender ............................................................................................................ 14 Documented Hearing and Vision Loss .................................................................... 15 Primary Classification of Vision Impairment ........................................................ 17 Cortical Visual Impairment ................................................................................ 19 Corrective Lenses ............................................................................................. 20 Primary Classification of Hearing Impairment ...................................................... 22 Central Auditory Processing Disorder ................................................................. 25 Auditory Neuropathy ........................................................................................ 26 Cochlear Implant.............................................................................................. 27 Assistive Listening Devices ................................................................................ 28 Additional Assistive Technology ......................................................................... 30 Etiologies ............................................................................................................ 31 Primary Identified Etiology ................................................................................ 32 Etiology Detail: Hereditary Syndromes/Disorders ................................................ 33 Etiology Detail: Prenatal/Congenital Complications .............................................. 35 Etiology Detail: Postnatal/Non-Congenital Complications...................................... 36 Etiology Detail: Other ....................................................................................... 37 Additional Disabilities ........................................................................................... 38 Other (Additional) Disabilities ............................................................................ 40 Part C Information ............................................................................................... 42 IDEA Part C Reported Category ......................................................................... 42 Early Intervention Setting (Ages Birth through 2) ................................................ 43 Part B Information ............................................................................................... 45 IDEA Part B Reported Category (Part 1 of 2) ...................................................... 46
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2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) IDEA Part B Reported Category (Part 2 of 2) ...................................................... 48 Educational Setting: ECSE (3 to 5) Settings ........................................................ 50 Educational Setting: School Aged (6 to21) Settings ............................................. 52 State Assessments ........................................................................................... 54 Educational Supports ........................................................................................... 56 Intervener Services .......................................................................................... 56 Living Setting ...................................................................................................... 57 Living Setting (Part 1 of 2) ................................................................................ 58 Living Setting (Part 2 of 2) ................................................................................ 59 Exiting Information .............................................................................................. 60 Part C Exiting Status (Part 1 of 2) ...................................................................... 61 Part C Exiting Status (Part 2 of 2) ...................................................................... 62 Part B Exiting Status (Part 1 of 2) ...................................................................... 64 Part B Exiting Status (Part 2 of 2) ...................................................................... 65 References.......................................................................................................... 66 Contact Information............................................................................................. 67 An accessible alternative to this document can be found at: http://nationaldb.org/reports/national-child-count-2017 The contents of this report were developed under a grant from the U.S. Department of Education, #H326T130013. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government. Project Officer, Jo Ann McCann.
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2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Introduction This, the 32nd annual National Child Count of Children and Youth Who Are Deaf-Blind, is the first and longest running registry and knowledge base of children who are deaf-blind in the world. Begun in 1986 on behalf of the U.S. Department of Education, it represents a thirty-plus year collaborative effort between the National Center on Deaf-Blindness (NCDB), its predecessors, and each state and multi-state deaf-blind project throughout the country, as well as projects funded in the Pacific Trust territories, the Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. Initially requested by the U.S. Department of Education as an examination of the discrepancy between the National Deaf-Blind Child Count and the Office of Special Education Programs’ (OSEP) annual counts of children and students with disabilities being served under IDEA Part C or Part B, the child count has expanded over time to inform the work of a range of OSEP-funded deaf-blind projects during the ensuing years, including the current national, state, and multi-state technical assistance and dissemination projects. The National Deaf-Blind Child Count has been collaboratively designed, implemented, and revised to serve as the common vehicle to meet federal grant requirements for both the State and Multi-State Deaf-Blind Technical Assistance Projects and the National DeafBlind Technical Assistance Center, as well as serve as a common data collection and reporting mechanism for use across the country. Consistent with the priorities under which NCDB, its predecessors, and the state and multi-state deaf-blind projects are funded, this national count is used to help identify national and state technical assistance needs for children and youth who are deaf-blind, their families, and the service providers and systems that serve them. The National Deaf-Blind Child Count is conducted each year to supplement OSEP’s Federal IDEA Part C and Part B child counts, which include children as deaf-blind only when deaf-blindness is their single disability. In contrast to OSEP’s Part C and Part B child counts, the National Deaf-Blind Child Count data is collected for children whose disability is solely deaf-blindness, as well as those who are identified as deaf-blind and have additional disabilities. This is a critical distinction given that over 85% (86.6%) of the children and youth on the National Deaf-Blind Child Count have one or more additional disabilities. Consequently, a majority of children who are deaf-blind or have deaf-blind intervention needs are not identified as such on OSEP’s IDEA Part C and Part B child counts. Between December 1, 2016 and December 1, 2017, state and multi-state deaf-blind projects reported 10,950 children and youth were eligible to receive services. On December 1, 2017, state and multi-state deaf-blind projects reported that 10,435 children and youth were eligible to receive services. Of these, 10,000 were both eligible to receive deaf-blind project services and were being served through either Part C or Part B of IDEA. Therefore, a total of 10,000 children and youth are included on the December 1, 2017 Deaf-Blind Child Count. Across the United States, 613 infants (birth-2) and 9,301 children and young adults (3-21) were identified and reported as deaf-blind by the state and multi-state deaf-blind projects on the December 1, 2017 Deaf-Blind Child Count. An additional 86 students were reported by those projects, who by their respective state’s legislation or regulation, continue to provide services through the end of the school year in which the student turns 22 years of age. These individuals make up the total of 10,000 infants, children, and young adults 4
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) identified as deaf-blind by the state and multi-state deaf-blind projects. This figure represents a slight increase from the previous year. In contrast, the U.S. Department of Education (2017a) reports that 1,278 students (3-21) were identified as deaf-blind on OSEP’s IDEA Part B "Snapshot" Child Count. Due to the non-categorical nature of Part C, no infants or toddlers are reported as deaf-blind as they are all reported as developmentally delayed or at-risk by their state Part C lead agencies (2017b). This discrepancy of more than 80% between Part B and Part C reporting of children and youth who are deaf-blind and the National Deaf-Blind Child Count is significant. State and multi-state deaf-blind project directors consistently indicate that most Part C lead agencies and State Education Agencies report their children and students with deaf-blindness as being developmentally delayed, multiply disabled, and/or visually impaired or hearing impaired, rather than identifying them as deaf-blind. Concerns about the under-identification of deaf-blindness and its resulting unique intervention requirements have been a consistent problem and one that often results in a lack of or delay in receiving appropriate intervention and instruction critical to children’s early development (Herbster, 2015; Mueller, 2006; Purvis & Schalock, 2014). The opportunity for early identification, intervention, and provision of instructional services aimed at the unique needs of young children and students who are deaf-blind is a critical component that should not be lost. In reviewing the child count data submitted over the years, it is notable that children who are deaf-blind are highly diverse. Clearly, children who are deaf-blind are as varied as the number reported, and the nature and extent of deaf-blindness in children is often misunderstood (Malloy & Killoran, 2007; McCormick, 2015; Schalock, 2017). These children represent one of the lowest incidence yet most diverse group of learners receiving early intervention and special education services. They are an extremely heterogeneous group whose sensory losses are often accompanied by additional physical or cognitive disabilities, complex medical needs, and/or behavior challenges.
Data Elements in the National Deaf-Blind Child Count Throughout the history of the child count, NCDB and its predecessors have continuously revised the child count language and reporting elements to a) remain current with IDEA Section 618 Part C and Part B data requirements, b) ease the data collection burden of the projects, and c) increase process and cost efficiencies. Current data elements target both IDEA Section 618 requirements and the collection of information to guide state-specific and national technical assistance. Existing data elements have been broken out into specific Part B and Part C elements using Section 618 language. Reported data elements that are consistent with the IDEA mandated child counts include:
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2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) • • • • • • •
Race/Ethnicity Part B and C Category Codes Early Intervention Setting (Birth through 2) Educational Setting (3-5 and 6-21) Participation in Statewide Assessments Part C Exiting Status (Birth through 2) Part B Exiting Status (3-21)
Data elements have also been included to assist in developing state and national technical assistance initiatives (e.g., collection of demographic and needs assessment information). These include: • • • • • • • • • • • •
Gender Etiology Documented Vision Loss Cortical Vision Impairment Documented Hearing Loss Central Auditory Processing Disorder Auditory Neuropathy Cochlear Implants Other Impairments or Conditions Living Setting Intervener Services Use of Corrective Lenses, Listening Devices, and/or Assistive Technology
Considerations for the Reader When reading the information that follows, the reader should note that:
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•
Although the IDEA definition is used as the common definition of deaf-blindness, each state or multi-state deaf-blind project has the discretion of establishing criteria for their own project services. This definition was modified for birth-2 to reflect Part C Early Intervention program services and infant-toddler outcomes.
•
The National Deaf-Blind Child Count is collected in a timeline similar to IDEA Section 618 data requirements. A point-in-time “snap shot” is used to reflect those infants, young children, and students identified and eligible for services from state and multi-state deaf-blind projects on December 1 of each year. Thus, in many instances, projects serve more infants, young children, and students over the course of the year than are reported on December 1.
•
Where crossover exists, the language and reporting elements used in the National Deaf-Blind Child Count are consistent with those found in Section 618 of IDEA.
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) •
The National Deaf-Blind Child Count data presented are based on aggregate data reported by each state and multi-state deaf-blind project. While the aggregated counts provide a national perspective, there is substantial variability in the individual state project data reports.
Overall Population Demographics The total December 1, 2017 Deaf-Blind “Snap Shot” count increased to 10,000; a gain of 365 from 2016. Overall, the total number of children and youth served during the year also increased from 10,749 to 10,950. While 1,163 children and youth exited from state and multi-state project eligibility, 1,380 were added through child find and referral efforts. This indicates an almost 25% turnover in the child counts of the states. Newly identified children and youth spanned the full age range of birth through 21. Nearly half (48.8%) were birth through 5 years of age. Conversely, over half (55.4%) of the children and youth exiting the child count were ages 18 and over. Other than age, these newly identified individuals have demographics that are consistent with the overall population of children and youth who are deaf-blind. The distribution of children/youth across age groups has remained relatively stable over the past five years. Since 2013, the number of children from birth to 2 years of age increased from 552 to 613 in 2017. Since 2013 the number of children aged 3 to 5 has increased only slightly, from 1,197 in 2013 to 1,222 in 2017. The number of children and youth aged 6 to 17 increased from 6,116 to 6,545. The number of those 18 years of age and older also increased from 1,561 to 1,621. The overall distribution of children and youth by race and ethnicity continues to slowly evolve, reflecting broader population changes. The racial/ethnic makeup of the children and youth who are deaf-blind has remained fairly consistent over the past 5 years. There have been slight changes, but nothing significant. For example, the percentage of the population identified as white decreased from 54.4% to 53.6%. The percentage of the population identified as black or African American dipped slightly from 14.4% to 14.3%. The percentage identified as Latino or Hispanic showed a similar small dip from 20.4% to 19.6%. All of the other categories experienced small increases. The racial/ethnic makeup of the children and youth on the National Deaf-Blind Child Count mirrors fairly well the overall US population. Generally, children and youth who are white are slightly under-represented, while children and youth who are Black/African American or Latino/Hispanic are slightly over-represented. The distribution of children and youth by gender has remained very stable over time, with about 54% of children and youth being male and 46% female. The apparent under-identification and referral to state and multi-state deaf-blind projects of very young infants and children remains an important issue. Infants and toddlers benefit greatly from having access to expertise in deaf-blindness. They require appropriate services that address the impacts of dual sensory impairments. Further, parents and families of these infants and toddlers can benefit from supports established within states. Without such early identification and referral to state and multi-state deaf7
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) blind programs, access to needed services and supports is compromised. Trends demonstrate that what has historically been one of the lowest incidence, yet most heterogeneous populations, continues to become even more so. As our nation’s population becomes more diverse ethnically, racially, culturally, and even linguistically, our national, state, and local systems must continue to adapt to provide effective services to these children and youth and their families.
State Child Count Totals State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey
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Number Eligible to Receive Project Services on 12-1-2017 Regardless of Part C or Part B Status
12-1-17 Snap Shot: Number on Child Count (1)
198 26 236 215 1105 160 60 67 20
196 23 216 203 1085 142 60 67 20
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20
595 312 65 58 382 236 91 107 143 105 47 188 262 360 407 71 282 53 106 131 81 215
595 290 63 57 355 222 88 100 143 101 43 187 262 352 374 67 227 48 105 113 78 215
574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212
Total Number Served by State During Year
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Total Number Served by State During Year
Number Eligible to Receive Project Services on 12-1-2017 Regardless of Part C or Part B Status
12-1-17 Snap Shot: Number on Child Count (1)
New Mexico 136 132 128 New York 382 357 357 North Carolina 297 280 280 North Dakota 33 33 31 Ohio 448 419 397 Oklahoma 187 171 165 Oregon 94 92 92 Pacific Basin 61 58 57 Pennsylvania 602 591 576 Puerto Rico 45 31 30 Rhode Island 44 44 38 South Carolina 142 137 137 South Dakota 34 32 32 Tennessee 302 265 252 Texas 736 736 718 Utah 150 134 128 Vermont 33 28 29 Virgin Islands 23 23 20 Virginia 214 211 195 Washington 289 267 244 West Virginia 102 102 99 Wisconsin 170 153 148 Wyoming 42 42 39 National Total 10950 10435 10000 (1) December 1 snap shot based on children/youth in Part C or Part B and eligible for project services.
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2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Age of Child State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey
10
0 thru 2
8 1 13 4 51 10 2 0 0 13 19 2 2 11 4 6 14 11 8 3 5 12 8 23 6 29 4 4 16 3 8
3 thru 5
19 3 15 14 87 27 8 15 4 55 40 8 7 29 17 13 14 9 10 7 18 26 44 39 14 36 6 9 13 17 29
6 thru 11
12 thru 17
48 9 70 76 346 38 19 22 9 199 89 25 24 100 61 26 43 37 17 12 66 77 77 133 21 64 20 35 49 25 72
71 10 86 76 347 50 18 20 4 189 96 17 16 123 67 28 24 43 42 11 64 84 113 129 18 71 14 32 19 18 56
18 thru 21
38 0 27 13 164 16 10 10 3 117 30 8 7 75 54 13 5 25 21 5 25 46 40 50 7 23 4 21 9 13 47
Over 21
4 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 46 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
Unknown/ Missing
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
State New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
0 thru 2
3 thru 5
9 10 17 2 6 10 10 3 111 2 2 14 2 27 37 11 3 0 7 11 3 13 3 613
24 27 28 6 26 25 16 4 119 0 4 20 3 48 87 27 9 4 25 36 5 22 5 1222
6 thru 11
12 thru 17
47 108 94 11 114 55 21 15 171 7 4 42 7 77 257 37 6 5 54 65 42 49 13 3210
35 128 104 10 156 45 29 17 125 14 21 42 14 63 245 32 8 8 80 97 38 52 16 3335
18 thru 21
Over 21
13 77 37 2 95 30 16 8 50 7 7 19 6 34 91 21 3 3 29 35 11 12 2 1534
State Total
Unknown/ Missing
0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 73
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13
128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Race/Ethnicity State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas
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American Indian or Alaska Native
4 10 14 1
Asian
6 2 2 2
Black or African American
49 0 12 37
Hispanic/ Latino
12 3 95 17
White
110 6 88 117
Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander
Two or More Races
1 0 0 0
2 0 0 9
Unknown/ Missing
State Total
4 2 0 0
188 23 211 183
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon
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American Indian or Alaska Native
9 2 0 3 0 1 1 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 1 1 0 2 2 13 0 2 6 2 1 2 0 19 3 3 4 2 30 1
Asian
87 9 0 3 0 27 8 23 1 22 5 3 5 1 0 0 8 14 18 30 0 6 0 3 3 2 12 2 33 8 2 5 3 1
Black or African American
46 9 12 16 13 126 87 2 3 69 22 5 5 15 18 1 50 10 47 44 23 29 1 8 15 2 28 1 47 94 2 81 17 1
Hispanic/ Latino
482 37 10 17 1 166 40 1 6 71 19 8 11 5 1 0 26 46 19 30 3 9 2 15 33 6 59 66 84 25 2 10 18 17
White
252 78 35 28 5 231 126 6 42 172 148 66 70 102 52 36 84 162 231 243 40 166 38 73 38 63 108 33 146 131 21 290 97 67
Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander
18 1 0 0 1 2 0 17 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1
Two or More Races
37 5 0 0 0 20 12 3 2 4 7 4 6 2 0 0 0 10 11 13 1 9 0 0 12 1 5 7 1 17 0 7 0 4
Unknown/ Missing
74 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 2 0 0 0 0
State Total
1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
13
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 4 0 1 1 7 0 6 2 0 0 2 6 0 3 3 180
Asian
0 28 0 3 3 0 7 23 2 1 0 8 10 0 5 0 446
Black or African American
0 86 0 6 49 0 47 94 2 1 16 43 14 4 16 1 1426
Hispanic/ Latino
0 37 30 8 7 0 23 281 17 1 2 18 43 0 10 7 1956
White
0 394 0 20 74 25 165 297 92 24 2 115 137 91 102 27 5366
Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander
56 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 125
Two or More Races
1 27 0 0 0 0 9 15 10 2 0 0 20 0 5 1 301
Unknown/ Missing
State Total
0 57 0 576 0 30 0 38 3 137 0 32 1 252 0 718 0 128 0 29 0 20 9 195 9 244 4 99 7 148 0 39 192 10000
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Gender State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah
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Male
Female
75 12 120 101 529 85 35 40 8 301 136 27 28 172 111 44 60 66 50 28 97 135 190 181 34 133 27 58 59 45 125 61 195 156 16 227 82 56 35 319 15 19 79 15 132 396 62
State Total
Unknown/ Missing
107 11 91 82 456 56 22 27 11 270 137 27 28 166 92 42 40 59 42 10 82 110 138 193 33 89 21 43 47 31 87 67 162 124 15 170 83 36 20 257 15 19 58 16 120 322 66
6 0 0 0 20 0 0 0 1 3 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Male
Female
15 9 103 111 58 90 22 5385
14 11 92 122 41 58 17 4555
State Total
Unknown/ Missing
0 0 0 11 0 0 0 60
29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Documented Hearing and Vision Loss The overall distribution of degree of vision loss has remained relatively consistent over time. A total of 7,853 or just under 80% of the children and youth were identified as having low vision, being legally blind, or having a documented functional vision loss in 2017. A total of 497, about 5% of the population, is totally blind. These distributions have remained fairly consistent over the past five years, fluctuating 1 to 3% during this time period. There has been a slight increase in the percentage of children and youth with low vision and a documented functional vision loss. The percentage of children who are legally blind has declined. The number of children and youth who have an identified cortical vision impairment has grown slightly over the past five years from 2,816 in 2013 to 2,906 in 2017 and represents about 30% of the population. The documented degree of hearing loss is more evenly distributed from mild to profound. A total of 1,999 children and youth have a profound hearing loss and make up the largest group at nearly 20%. The number of children with a documented functional hearing loss (1,254) is about equal to the number of children and youth with a mild hearing loss (1,332). These distributions have remained very consistent over the past five years, fluctuating only 1 to 2%. The percentage of children/youth identified as needing further hearing testing has fluctuated from 8.3% to 7.2% over the past five years. Relatively few children and youth have been identified as having a central auditory processing disorder (549) or auditory neuropathy (531). In both cases, these numbers represent less than 6% of the population. The number of children identified as having received cochlear implants has increased from 914 in 2013 (9.7%) to 1,098 in 2017 (11.0%). This increase is true for all ages, from infants to young adults. In 2017, less than half of the children and youth made use of corrective lenses (42.3%), assistive listening devices (48.1%), or additional assistive technology (48.8%). While there has been a significant increase over the past five years in the percentage of children and youth with corrective lenses from 37.8% to 42.3% and assistive listening devices from 43.6% to 48.4%, there has been a small decrease in the use of other assistive technologies from 45.0% to 44.0%.
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2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) The broad range and combinations of vision and hearing loss of the children and youth on the National Deaf-Blind Child Count provide evidence of the heterogeneous nature of this population and their needs. Only about 1% of the population has a profound hearing loss and is totally blind. The other 99% have some residual hearing or vision. While the number of children and youth needing further vision and or hearing testing has decreased over time, there is still a need for increased access to pediatric audiologists and optometrists. The number of children and youth who have been identified as having a cortical vision impairment (30%) indicate continued work in this area is crucial. The number of children/youth with cochlear implants has continued to grow over the past five years. This increase may require significant program development within the Deaf-Blind Network to provide appropriate supports for this growing population. Assistive technology plays an important role in the lives of children and youth who are deaf-blind especially those with more intensive support needs. Overall, the percentage of children and youth that use of assistive technologies has remained fairly constant over the past five years at about 45%. However, only about 25% of children and youth with no additional disabilities are reported to use additional assistive technologies while over 50% of children with four or more additional disabilities use additional assistive technologies.
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2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Primary Classification of Vision Impairment State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri
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Low Vision
64 7 52 67 294 77 12 20 3 242 71 7 15 113 72 29 21 51 22 20 34 89 97 182 19 57
Legally Blind
49 4 28 34 264 37 31 10 0 100 90 8 10 70 40 21 29 40 24 5 26 73 94 62 18 47
Light Perception Only
7 1 6 13 43 8 4 1 0 38 19 3 4 32 18 8 4 23 2 0 6 11 12 9 12 15
Totally Blind
8 1 3 12 56 6 4 0 0 24 19 4 2 17 11 4 3 4 7 2 3 8 27 12 5 9
Diagnosed Progressive Vision Loss
11 3 7 5 27 10 2 2 1 24 11 5 5 20 5 6 5 1 7 1 5 12 16 30 1 14
Further Testing Needed (1 year only)
7 2 1 6 167 3 2 3 2 13 8 6 5 8 3 2 8 0 27 3 22 25 8 7 4 2
Documented Functional Vision Loss
42 5 114 46 154 0 2 31 14 133 56 27 15 78 54 16 30 6 11 7 83 27 74 72 8 79
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
18
Low Vision
12 41 18 39 100 52 54 67 13 94 61 35 10 160 9 14 35 6 100 246 69 7 2 62 74 46 28 13 3204
Legally Blind
14 35 23 13 53 17 123 79 3 93 37 17 3 129 5 13 29 5 49 319 27 5 5 31 44 17 38 9 2449
Light Perception Only
2 5 9 0 21 6 23 22 1 25 14 3 4 8 6 3 5 1 20 25 6 2 0 10 16 6 9 2 553
Totally Blind
4 3 5 1 9 7 22 15 0 32 9 4 8 15 6 0 4 4 15 39 7 1 0 8 16 3 9 0 497
Diagnosed Progressive Vision Loss
6 7 5 1 7 3 6 5 3 13 3 9 3 22 2 1 5 1 5 4 6 1 0 15 12 7 9 2 399
Further Testing Needed (1 year only)
3 1 12 8 8 1 97 6 0 39 10 3 13 97 0 1 6 0 8 10 2 0 0 7 9 2 7 4 698
Documented Functional Vision Loss
7 9 34 14 14 42 32 86 11 101 31 21 16 145 2 6 53 15 55 75 11 13 13 62 73 18 48 9 2200
State Total
48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Cortical Visual Impairment State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas
19
Yes
No
6 9 132 63 208 39 16 35 7 79 86 16 27 109 30 20 64 67 17 9 54 58 91 109 18 64 20 17 24 24 76 70 44 117 7 121 61 32 5 143 13 17 45 9 84 226
Unknown/Missing
181 13 76 105 468 98 41 31 13 335 159 36 19 202 120 66 24 58 40 26 125 173 237 264 25 159 23 60 35 52 116 25 267 126 23 128 84 37 14 433 17 18 68 23 167 419
1 1 3 15 329 4 0 1 0 160 29 8 10 27 53 0 12 0 43 3 0 14 0 1 24 0 5 24 47 0 20 33 46 37 1 148 20 23 38 0 0 3 24 0 1 73
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Yes
No
47 15 1 49 87 50 59 10 2906
Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
72 9 4 146 87 49 86 15 5697
Unknown/Missing
9 5 15 0 70 0 3 14 1397
State Total
128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Corrective Lenses State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina
20
Yes
No
95 10 66 81 431 74 22 32 8 176 134 12 34 181 95 33 52 53 27 12 83 105 160 198 26 95 23 52 52 34 64 69 66 116
Unknown/Missing
92 9 103 97 332 63 25 28 8 137 135 34 22 145 75 40 43 72 29 14 83 55 168 157 34 128 25 47 52 19 146 45 44 156
1 4 42 5 242 4 10 7 4 261 5 14 0 12 33 13 5 0 44 12 13 85 0 19 7 0 0 2 2 23 2 14 247 8
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
21
Yes
18 141 70 47 1 248 10 16 56 16 83 340 67 11 0 84 114 54 67 20 4234
No
Unknown/Missing
13 126 79 41 46 328 20 20 61 15 138 0 61 17 4 78 120 37 74 19 3959
0 130 16 4 10 0 0 2 20 1 31 378 0 1 16 33 10 8 7 0 1807
State Total
31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Primary Classification of Hearing Impairment State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi 22
Mild
Moderate
Moderately Severe
Severe
Profound
Diagnosed Progressive Loss
Further Testing Needed (1 year only)
Documented Functional Hearing Loss
State Total
22 0 23 17 83 25 13 9 0
32 4 45 27 142 43 10 19 5
22 7 44 12 164 25 8 13 3
20 1 22 15 109 16 2 5 1
47 3 63 21 223 30 20 8 2
3 1 0 3 4 1 0 0 0
4 5 1 12 175 1 4 4 5
38 2 13 76 105 0 0 9 4
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20
104 51 5 14 105 32 11 9 23 14 5 27 44 40 46 10
99 62 6 11 61 43 21 22 20 11 7 31 46 55 106 7
77 52 5 11 28 30 10 15 22 13 11 26 41 48 56 11
58 32 2 6 39 18 14 6 12 12 1 16 21 38 44 10
125 57 9 9 55 35 19 19 25 14 4 40 37 66 80 16
1 0 1 0 6 1 0 2 0 1 0 1 5 5 9 1
12 7 10 1 8 3 7 6 0 26 6 13 34 5 4 7
98 13 22 4 36 41 4 21 23 9 4 25 17 71 29 5
574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin
23
Mild
26 8 8 10 15 22 19 27 38 3 37 15 12 10 83 5 3 20 5 35 76 16 7 2 30 25 23 14
Moderate
51 7 23 18 15 62 36 65 53 7 35 22 31 5 108 4 8 26 6 30 177 34 7 3 43 48 23 31
Moderately Severe
46 6 19 10 6 38 18 55 45 8 28 31 19 2 74 5 7 27 5 46 124 30 1 0 27 33 13 20
Severe
20 1 19 12 7 26 15 28 24 2 21 20 13 2 53 4 4 17 0 33 119 10 2 0 22 27 5 9
Profound
36 5 28 19 6 43 25 38 71 7 60 37 13 9 87 8 5 24 10 51 182 29 9 2 46 71 6 32
Diagnosed Progressive Loss
4 3 0 1 0 0 3 29 0 1 4 1 0 0 7 1 0 1 0 7 0 2 1 0 4 3 2 2
Further Testing Needed (1 year only)
7 12 0 22 19 4 4 64 11 0 131 11 2 13 98 0 5 4 1 22 13 3 1 0 6 9 6 6
Documented Functional Hearing Loss
33 6 4 14 8 17 8 51 38 3 81 28 2 16 66 3 6 18 5 28 27 4 1 13 17 28 21 34
State Total
223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Mild
Wyoming National Total
6 1332
24
Moderate
4 1917
Moderately Severe
7 1504
Severe
1 1036
Profound
13 1999
Diagnosed Progressive Loss
0 121
Further Testing Needed (1 year only)
3 837
Documented Functional Hearing Loss
5 1254
State Total
39 10000
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Central Auditory Processing Disorder State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee
25
Yes
No
1 0 3 3 71 1 2 0 1 19 19 1 17 3 2 1 15 33 9 1 2 5 26 6 3 13 15 6 4 7 5 6 13 29 1 68 9 2 0 25 13 0 2 0 16
State Total
Unknown/ Missing
180 16 189 67 361 120 30 35 10 311 202 40 27 267 103 45 47 92 41 13 142 70 302 268 45 209 23 72 38 26 138 70 151 189 29 135 111 60 20 551 17 30 38 32 223
7 7 19 113 573 20 25 32 9 244 53 19 12 68 98 40 38 0 50 24 35 170 0 100 19 1 10 23 64 43 69 52 193 62 1 194 45 30 37 0 0 8 97 0 13
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Yes
No
22 0 1 0 5 22 5 15 1 549
State Total
Unknown/ Missing
0 119 17 4 84 118 52 78 21 5678
696 9 11 16 106 104 42 55 17 3773
718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Auditory Neuropathy State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey
26
Yes
No
5 2 2 6 35 5 6 7 1 25 25 3 4 15 5 1 10 0 7 1 12 6 15 8 0 15 5 6 4 5 20
Unknown/ Missing
176 14 193 102 341 124 27 31 11 284 193 16 35 267 73 35 55 125 43 19 136 107 313 81 38 206 33 71 43 28 125
7 7 16 75 629 12 24 29 8 265 56 41 17 56 125 50 35 0 50 18 31 132 0 285 29 2 10 24 59 43 67
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Yes
No
7 18 24 0 70 15 5 3 30 0 2 6 1 10 32 5 0 1 11 13 5 11 1 531
New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Unknown/ Missing
67 83 183 30 133 105 62 16 546 29 34 70 31 215 0 110 27 2 88 114 53 75 19 5437
State Total
54 256 73 1 194 45 25 38 0 1 2 61 0 27 686 13 2 17 96 117 41 62 19 4032
128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Cochlear Implant State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas
27
Yes
No
23 2 22 6 66 15 9 1 2 43 26 4 7 48 28 18 17
Unknown/Missing
162 15 186 166 659 126 36 34 9 375 245 48 47 279 160 63 82
3 6 3 11 280 0 12 32 9 156 3 8 2 11 15 5 1
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Yes
No
17 16 3 24 12 43 45 6 26 5 13 11 0 22 4 47 43 6 55 24 8 0 58 0 1 12 4 34 126 19 3 1 23 32 1 14 3 1098
Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Unknown/Missing
108 47 22 136 111 285 324 45 192 42 88 89 41 187 104 117 230 25 236 137 73 53 518 30 37 97 28 214 0 108 26 7 123 197 78 116 35 6998
0 37 13 19 122 0 5 16 5 1 0 6 35 3 20 193 7 0 106 4 11 4 0 0 0 28 0 4 592 1 0 12 49 15 20 18 1 1904
State Total
125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Assistive Listening Devices State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas
28
Yes
No
79 17 91 57
Unknown/Missing
108 2 77 120
1 4 43 6
State Total
188 23 211 183
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin
29
Yes
No
455 107 33 37 9 204 173 14 20 226 91 49 44 74 25 16 105 93 143 231 31 136 20 65 50 35 101 64 89 127 23 128 88 59 6 316 11 24 76 15 113 434 72 19 2 96 142 42 85
Unknown/Missing
255 33 16 23 7 106 100 31 35 99 75 24 53 51 30 7 67 44 185 128 32 87 26 35 55 18 105 40 29 141 8 127 60 27 42 260 19 14 48 15 113 0 56 10 2 71 93 49 53
295 1 8 7 4 264 1 15 1 13 37 13 3 0 45 15 7 108 0 15 4 0 2 1 1 23 6 24 239 12 0 142 17 6 9 0 0 0 13 2 26 284 0 0 16 28 9 8 10
State Total
1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State Wyoming National Total
Yes
No
19 4881
Unknown/Missing
19 3330
1 1789
State Total
39 10000
Additional Assistive Technology State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico
30
Yes
No
59 11 31 46 265 72 20 37 6 117 149 12 19 231 75 28 76 100 41 7 68 56 177 188 16 122 27 68 63 18 73 40 41 141 20 150 56 34 7 304 26
Unknown/Missing
126 8 101 114 299 65 24 23 10 80 124 28 34 93 71 43 20 25 16 11 89 62 151 161 37 101 21 31 42 29 129 53 51 128 10 116 73 47 40 272 4
3 4 79 23 441 4 13 7 4 377 1 20 3 14 57 15 4 0 43 20 22 127 0 25 14 0 0 2 1 29 10 35 265 11 1 131 36 11 10 0 0
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Yes
14 53 18 72 667 86 24 2 99 99 61 73 35 4400
No
Unknown/Missing
22 48 13 146 0 35 5 1 50 123 28 55 4 3492
2 36 1 34 51 7 0 17 46 22 10 20 0 2108
State Total
38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Etiologies Over 70 specific etiologies are identified in the 2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count. Some are exceedingly rare, with less than five cases. Others are much more prevalent. There are 13 etiologies with at least 100 cases, and one—Cornelia de Lange syndrome—with 99. Complications from prematurity continues to be the most commonly identified etiology. The prevalence of CHARGE syndrome continues to increase. In 2017 there were 933 children and youth identified as having CHARGE syndrome. While still relatively rare, the prevalence of children with Stickler syndrome and Dandy Walker syndrome has also increased. About 19.0% of the children and youth have no determined etiology. Overall, the total number of children and youth identified with a prenatal congenital or postnatal non-congenital etiology has declined from 2,732 to 2,551 over the past five years, while the number with hereditary syndromes and disorders has increased from 3,945 to 4,482. Hereditary syndromes and disorders now account for 44.8% of all identified etiologies. Prenatal congenital complications account for 13.9% of identified etiologies and postnatal non-congenital complications account for 11.6% of identified etiologies. Complications from prematurity account for 10.5% of identified etiologies and 19.2% of the children and youth had no identified etiology at the time data was collected. Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS), which has long been associated with the development of the deaf-blind technical assistance system, is no longer a prevalent etiology. In 2017, there were 41 individuals whose etiology was identified as CRS, down from 89 in 2010. Over 75% of these individuals are over 10 years of age and over 50% are 15 years of age or older. The heterogeneous nature of the population cannot be overstated. The etiologies or causes of deaf-blindness bring unique issues and challenges. Some are relatively more common, such as CHARGE syndrome, Down syndrome, Usher syndrome, and Cytomegalovirus. Some are very rare, with less than five individuals reported nationally, such as Batten disease, Prader-Willi, and Kearns-Sayre syndrome.
31
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Primary Identified Etiology Hereditary Syndromes/Disorders
Total
CHARGE syndrome
933
Usher syndrome (I,II,III)
329
Down syndrome (Trisomy 21 syndrome)
315
Stickler syndrome
137
Dandy Walker syndrome
115
Goldenhar syndrome
101
OTHER: Hereditary Syndrome/Disorders
2,552
Prenatal/Congenital Complications Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
292
Hydrocephaly
214
Microcephaly
206
OTHER: Pre-Natal/Congenital Complications
679
Postnatal/Non-Congenital Asphyxia
194
Severe Head Injury
159
Meningitis
137
OTHER: Post-Natal/ Non-Congenital
670
Complication of Prematurity
1,047
No Determination of Etiology
1,920
More detail about etiology is provided in the following four tables.
32
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Etiology Detail: Hereditary Syndromes/Disorders State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada
33
CHARGE Syndrome
10 2 26 7 95 8 8 2 2 56 23 2 5 36 29 18 3 18 5 9 21 26 33 38 4 23 3 9 7
Dandy Walker Syndrome
Down Syndrome
3 0 5 2 7 3 0 3 0 2 5 0 1 4 6 2 1 0 0 0 2 1 3 2 1 2 0 0 3
10 3 4 9 42 8 1 1 0 16 7 3 3 12 2 3 4 3 1 0 2 9 13 16 2 6 0 2 4
Goldenhar Syndrome
Stickler Syndrome
2 0 5 1 8 2 0 0 0 5 3 0 2 6 3 0 1 1 0 0 3 0 3 4 0 2 1 2 1
3 0 3 0 13 3 0 0 1 4 9 2 1 4 5 1 1 2 1 0 2 2 5 21 0 8 1 1 1
Usher Syndrome (I,II,III)
6 1 5 1 30 9 3 0 1 13 9 0 3 20 8 5 3 4 11 0 2 12 13 18 1 5 4 5 3
OTHER: Hereditary Syndromes/ Disorders
61 3 57 48 219 46 14 10 2 100 63 13 14 72 34 18 39 16 20 10 37 54 84 121 31 61 21 29 35
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
34
CHARGE Syndrome
4 31 5 46 33 4 27 4 11 1 38 1 1 22 3 24 81 9 1 1 17 17 4 16 4 933
Dandy Walker Syndrome
2 4 0 4 3 2 5 2 2 0 1 2 2 2 0 3 10 2 0 0 1 6 1 2 1 115
Down Syndrome
6 6 8 12 5 2 1 8 1 2 12 0 0 4 3 8 28 3 1 0 5 6 4 1 3 315
Goldenhar Syndrome
0 1 1 3 2 0 6 1 1 0 8 1 1 5 1 1 11 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 101
Stickler Syndrome
0 0 2 2 0 0 5 0 3 0 6 0 0 5 0 4 2 1 0 0 3 6 2 2 0 137
Usher Syndrome (I,II,III)
2 10 1 16 7 3 10 6 3 0 14 0 1 4 1 6 21 3 0 0 9 8 3 5 1 329
OTHER: Hereditary Syndromes/ Disorders
27 48 49 84 58 6 73 38 33 2 149 12 9 38 3 76 251 42 11 0 49 88 29 24 21 2552
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Etiology Detail: Prenatal/Congenital Complications State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota
35
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
8 0 17 8 11 5 1 2 1 9 8 0 1 9 11 3 0 7 3 0 8 5 8 15 3 11 2 4 1 6 4 4 11 8 1 5 10 7 0 9 1 0 4 1
Hydrocephaly
1 0 0 7 18 3 1 3 1 7 5 1 2 12 3 1 2 1 3 1 1 5 7 6 3 6 0 4 2 0 3 5 8 10 0 7 9 1 0 12 4 3 3 0
Microcephaly
0 1 3 7 26 1 1 3 0 10 2 1 1 6 4 3 1 0 1 1 2 9 13 4 1 7 0 3 3 5 5 1 3 10 1 10 5 1 1 7 1 1 0 0
OTHER: Prenatal/ Congenital Complications
19 2 16 28 61 7 3 7 3 32 13 6 4 32 11 3 11 13 3 2 9 11 23 16 3 12 2 6 13 4 24 12 21 16 1 18 9 9 7 80 0 3 9 0
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Hydrocephaly
7 23 4 1 0 6 10 2 7 0 292
Microcephaly
2 20 5 2 0 1 0 3 2 0 206
OTHER: Prenatal/ Congenital Complications
8 17 1 2 0 1 13 4 3 0 214
11 34 3 2 1 13 18 10 3 0 679
Etiology Detail: Postnatal/Non-Congenital Complications State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada
36
Asphyxia
0 0 0 3 17 2 1 3 1 1 16 1 0 7 1 2 0 5 1 2 1 3 16 5 0 2 1 1 4
Meningitis
Severe Head Injury
1 0 6 5 13 4 0 1 1 4 2 1 0 7 2 1 1 4 0 0 0 1 6 8 2 3 0 4 0
0 0 2 10 8 0 1 1 0 1 3 0 3 9 6 4 7 3 1 2 3 4 6 5 1 2 1 2 3
OTHER: Postnatal/NonCongenital
13 1 6 14 60 19 5 12 3 43 14 6 2 18 3 6 11 11 10 4 14 10 12 17 2 24 4 5 9
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Asphyxia
Meningitis
2 9 7 6 3 0 8 7 1 0 6 0 4 0 1 8 4 5 3 0 7 8 3 6 0 194
1 2 1 3 1 1 0 3 0 4 4 1 1 1 2 9 12 2 2 0 4 3 1 2 0 137
OTHER: Postnatal/NonCongenital
Severe Head Injury
1 4 3 1 7 1 3 4 2 2 9 1 0 1 4 9 6 0 0 0 3 4 0 6 0 159
2 17 1 24 21 2 21 16 6 2 64 1 0 4 0 16 46 10 0 2 20 13 15 9 0 670
Etiology Detail: Other State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana
37
Complication of Prematurity
No Determination of Etiology
8 1 18 19 88 5 11 11 2 59 58 5 6 45 24
43 9 38 14 289 16 7 8 2 212 34 19 8 39 51
Combined Etiology Detail State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Complication of Prematurity
9 5 23 11 1 26 18 33 40 9 22 2 14 6 5 17 12 40 40 3 27 22 2 0 59 5 10 12 3 39 93 15 1 1 14 23 9 16 0 1047
No Determination of Etiology
7 10 14 29 6 46 75 50 38 4 27 6 10 11 9 27 16 73 56 4 171 21 9 36 98 0 2 23 10 21 59 22 3 15 42 20 8 44 9 1920
Combined Etiology Detail State Total
86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Additional Disabilities The nature and prevalence of additional challenges faced by the children and youth on the National Deaf-Blind Child Count have remained relatively stable during the past 5 years. Approximately 87% have been identified as having one or more additional disabilities. Most common are cognitive impairments, orthopedic impairments, and complex health care needs. The percentage of children and youth experiencing orthopedic or physical challenges 38
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) has fluctuated between 59% and 61% during this time frame. Similarly, the percentage of children and youth experiencing intellectual/cognitive challenges has fluctuated between 65% and 68%. Slightly fewer children and youth have experienced complex health care needs, fluctuating between 51% and 53%. The number of additional disabilities experienced by children and youth has increased over time. In 2005, just 13.1% of the children and youth on the count had four or more additional disabilities. In 2017, nearly 43% were reported as having four or more additional disabilities. The population continues to be diverse in terms of experiencing additional disabilities. Almost 90% have one or more additional disabilities and over 40% have four or more. The increasing level of complexity in the needs and challenges faced by this population requires continued evolution and adaptation in national, state, and local systems to provide needed services effectively. Conversely, more children and youth are also being identified with no additional disabilities. This group of children and youth has increased from 10.4% to 13.4% of the overall population over the past five years, requiring additional focus at state and national levels.
39
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Other (Additional) Disabilities State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey
40
Orthopedic Physical Impairments
75 14 118 152 479 78 24 37 8 221 131 32 45 227 96 52 81 82 56 19 117 94 230 247 54 168 27 61 78 38 138
Cognitive Impairments
98 15 149 166 622 86 30 31 9 246 214 43 45 218 131 57 86 98 51 16 126 102 266 254 50 169 34 69 79 34 110
Behavioral Disorders
26 0 4 21 161 1 8 1 1 39 6 5 12 17 14 18 17 4 12 2 18 29 50 72 3 13 4 8 17 10 39
Complex Health Care Needs
57 12 82 137 481 74 20 27 9 193 58 39 40 149 99 54 75 88 43 18 91 103 182 222 46 151 22 58 67 30 127
Speech Language Impairments
133 17 181 175 681 89 40 35 15 337 204 41 50 211 152 9 91 123 58 24 140 137 281 303 53 197 44 90 95 43 175
Other Impairments
39 1 25 32 317 26 4 0 0 86 79 2 19 20 32 0 40 2 14 3 24 13 327 11 14 15 11 35 5 10 5
State Total One or More Additional Disabilities
144 18 189 177 858 121 43 39 15 403 246 55 51 300 177 75 93 124 69 26 162 153 327 337 63 218 47 98 100 48 200
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
41
Orthopedic Physical Impairments
92 183 189 19 179 104 63 21 386 18 30 85 15 184 443 100 24 4 97 182 55 104 27 5883
Cognitive Impairments
99 177 218 15 200 142 66 33 416 22 32 93 24 197 452 113 26 3 108 189 41 93 32 6495
Behavioral Disorders
14 33 27 1 35 11 4 8 58 3 2 8 4 10 37 8 3 1 17 17 5 19 13 970
Complex Health Care Needs
80 128 151 20 163 81 42 19 351 23 22 75 13 151 354 68 18 2 90 173 47 98 27 5050
Speech Language Impairments
108 110 237 26 179 147 71 48 489 28 37 103 28 227 605 119 28 4 125 228 71 116 35 7393
Other Impairments
34 73 22 5 57 25 11 7 73 11 4 17 2 47 186 2 0 0 33 87 9 10 7 1933
State Total One or More Additional Disabilities
121 272 270 28 260 165 84 48 539 29 37 123 29 247 660 123 29 5 144 235 75 127 37 8663
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Part C Information Because Part C is non-categorical, the vast majority of infants and toddlers are identified as developmentally delayed. Some states provide an “at risk” category. About 18% of infants and toddlers were identified as at risk. Almost all infants and toddlers receive intervention services in the home. The apparent continued under-identification and referral to deaf-blind programs of very young children remains an important need. Infants and toddlers greatly benefit from having access to expertise in deaf-blindness and must receive appropriate services that address the impact of dual sensory impairments. Further, parents and families of these infants and toddlers can benefit from supports established within states. Without such early identification and referral to state deaf-blind programs, access to needed services and supports is compromised. As Part C agencies continue to appropriately serve children and families, there are increased needs for early interventionists with knowledge of deaf-blind intervention and instruction.
IDEA Part C Reported Category State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan
42
At-Risk
3 0 6 1 12 0 0 0 0 0 19 0 0 6 0 4 0 0 1 1 1 1 2
Developmentally Delayed
5 1 6 3 21 9 2 0 0 13 0 2 2 5 4 2 13 11 7 2 4 11 6
Not Reported Under Part C
0 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Unknown/ Missing
0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
State Total
8 1 13 4 51 10 2 0 0 13 19 2 2 11 4 6 14 11 8 3 5 12 8
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
At-Risk
Developmentally Delayed
7 0 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 4 6 0 4 1 2 2 2 0 0 2 0 7 3 1 0 0 0 2 0 3 0 119
Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Not Reported Under Part C
16 6 16 1 4 15 3 8 9 6 11 2 2 8 8 1 104 2 2 12 2 19 32 10 3 0 7 9 1 10 3 461
Unknown/ Missing
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 19
State Total
23 6 29 4 4 16 3 8 9 10 17 2 6 10 10 3 111 2 2 14 2 27 37 11 3 0 7 11 3 13 3 613
Early Intervention Setting (Ages Birth through 2) State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia
43
Home
7 1 13 1 38 6 2 0 0 13 18
Community-based Setting
Other Setting
1 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 2 1 3 0 0 0 0 0
Unknown/ Missing
State Total
0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 1 13 4 51 10 2 0 0 13 19
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
44
Home
2 2 11 3 6 11 11 7 3 5 12 6 23 2 29 4 3 16 3 8 7 7 14 2 3 9 10 2 105 1 2 13 2 24 35 11 2 0 7 9 3 13 3 550
Community-based Setting
Other Setting
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 3 0 3 0 0 1 4 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 34
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 15
Unknown/ Missing
State Total
0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 14
2 2 11 4 6 14 11 8 3 5 12 8 23 6 29 4 4 16 3 8 9 10 17 2 6 10 10 3 111 2 2 14 2 27 37 11 3 0 7 11 3 13 3 613
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Part B Information The distribution of Part B Disability Categories has remained fairly stable over the past 7 years. No significant shifts have occurred. Over two-thirds of all the children and youth in Part B have one of four designations: Multiple Disability (37.7%), Deaf-Blind (15.8%), Hearing Impaired (9.4%), or Visually Impaired (5.1%). This distribution has remained essentially unchanged for the past five years. The percentage of young children, aged 3 to 5, educated in a regular early childhood education setting some portion of the day, has doubled in the past decade from less than 15% to 30%. Over 60% of school-age children and youth in special education are being served at least a portion of their day in a regular classroom in their local school. This is consistent across the age span. Over one quarter (26.1%) of children and youth on the 2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count participate in the regular curriculum as indicated by participating in statewide assessments tied to regular grade level standards. This is up slightly from 2016. While educational placement does not determine access to the regular curriculum, nearly 78% of students taking state assessments tied to regular grade level standards were in a regular classroom some portion of their day. The continued trend toward educational placement in inclusive settings, especially at the pre-school level, is significant and positive for children and families. This trend has profound implications on the need for information, resources, and access to expertise in deaf-blindness being available at a local level. Concurrently, as schools and Part C agencies continue to appropriately place and serve children locally, there are increased needs for more interventionists and teachers with knowledge of deaf-blind intervention and instruction, and for individualized supports, including the provision of intervener services. While access to the general curriculum and graduation from high school has improved for the population of children and youth who are deaf-blind, significant efforts are needed to expand these opportunities.
45
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
IDEA Part B Reported Category (Part 1 of 2) State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada
46
Intellectual Disability
Hearing Impairment
Speech Language Impairment
Visual Impairment
Emotional Disturbance
Orthopedic Impairment
Other Health Impairment
Specific Learning Disability
7 0 0 8 40 0 0 0 0
43 3 12 8 128 3 0 1 0
3 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0
16 0 5 4 62 4 0 0 0
11 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 39 2 0 0 0
2 1 0 9 15 6 2 0 4
1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
60 97 2 0 53 7 0 0 0 5 0 1 2 13 10 0 6 1 1 3
72 20 3 1 45 20 0 1 11 7 3 10 11 31 26 1 10 2 8 8
1 1 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 2 2 0 0
18 13 1 0 17 22 0 3 3 2 0 2 5 10 3 1 8 6 3 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0
2 1 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0
12 24 2 1 40 5 0 4 0 2 2 18 4 20 8 1 20 3 17 7
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
47
Intellectual Disability
Hearing Impairment
Speech Language Impairment
Visual Impairment
Emotional Disturbance
2 1 2 7 14 7 7 1 9 0 21 1 0 13 1 11 66 0 1 1 7 4 11 13 0 516
5 3 12 44 9 3 29 12 12 1 74 1 3 29 3 18 79 2 1 1 16 10 6 18 1 880
2 0 1 68 1 1 2 0 1 0 4 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 109
3 1 6 22 9 3 33 7 14 3 53 1 0 8 2 7 62 3 0 0 12 4 13 7 2 483
0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 23
Orthopedic Impairment
2 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 9 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 1 2 4 0 92
Other Health Impairment
2 2 5 13 14 6 7 2 6 0 29 0 0 8 0 12 107 3 2 0 16 30 8 24 3 528
Specific Learning Disability
0 0 1 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
IDEA Part B Reported Category (Part 2 of 2) State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada
48
DeafBlindness
Multiple Disabilities
Autism
Traumatic Brain Injury
Developmentally Delayed (optional age 3-9)
NonCategorical
Unknown/ Not Reported Under Part B
State Total
43 8 175 122 77 66 24 0 9
0 0 0 2 12 5 1 0 0
1 0 2 5 11 0 1 0 0
3 0 0 14 12 1 18 0 3
0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0
8 2 3 2 451 5 0 4 1
180 22 198 179 954 131 55 67 20
43 8 175 122 77 66 24 0 9
249 7 37 32 119 106 0 48 68 29 14 102 82 188 140 36 97 11 38 52
0 7 0 0 6 1 0 1 1 0 0 2 3 5 2 0 0 0 0 2
7 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 3 0 2 1 2 1
34 44 0 10 9 5 0 12 13 4 10 9 36 2 34 12 23 6 8 5
0 1 0 0 0 0 80 0 0 0 1 1 5 3 0 0 2 1 0 0
57 4 9 2 11 1 0 2 1 34 0 13 0 13 0 0 1 3 0 3
561 255 58 54 327 199 80 86 114 92 35 174 233 320 351 61 194 44 97 90
249 7 37 32 119 106 0 48 68 29 14 102 82 188 140 36 97 11 38 52
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
49
DeafBlindness
12 21 17 29 36 2 31 19 13 12 73 8 4 9 2 12 318 13 3 0 24 28 28 15 1 1488
Multiple Disabilities
26 146 71 45 158 0 223 68 3 28 171 17 27 34 18 125 17 86 6 1 91 129 14 31 25 3539
Autism
1 0 1 0 3 1 5 2 2 1 4 0 1 0 0 3 7 0 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 87
Traumatic Brain Injury
1 1 0 3 6 1 6 0 1 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 1 2 0 3 1 79
Developmentally Delayed (optional age 3 - 9)
17 24 3 13 9 1 25 28 3 0 18 0 1 7 1 20 4 8 11 0 12 12 11 9 2 566
NonCategorical
0 4 0 0 0 1 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 126
Unknown/ Not Reported Under Part B
0 1 0 98 4 1 0 16 9 10 5 0 0 12 0 16 0 1 0 17 2 13 1 11 0 847
State Total
73 204 119 347 263 29 391 155 82 55 465 28 36 123 30 225 681 117 26 20 188 233 95 135 36 9387
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Educational Setting: ECSE (3 to 5) Settings State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada
50
Home
Regular EC Setting 80% of Time
Regular EC Setting 40 to 79% of Time
Regular EC Setting < 40% of Time
Separate Class
Separate School
Residential Facility
Service Provider Location
Unknown/ Missing
State Total
2 0 0 0 3 17 4 0 1
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 4 7 2 0 1 1
2 0 6 0 19 1 0 0 0
3 0 9 7 15 4 0 5 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 2 1 0 3 0
0 0 0 0 6 2 2 0 1
9 3 0 2 34 0 2 5 1
19 3 15 14 87 27 8 15 4
1 0 1 1 6 4 3 10 5 0 2 0 5 13 9 5 5 0 1 0
1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 0 0 2 1 2 11 0 5 1 1 0
0 3 2 0 5 0 2 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 6 0 3 0
16 28 2 0 8 6 2 1 0 0 1 1 1 5 11 3 5 1 2 4
5 3 0 0 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 3 10 21 6 3 10 0 0 2
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
2 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 4 0 0 2 5 4 0 0 0 2 2 3 1 1 3 2 2 2 6
28 2 2 6 5 0 0 1 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 1
55 40 8 7 29 17 13 14 9 10 7 18 26 44 39 14 36 6 9 13
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
51
Regular EC Setting 80% of Time
Regular EC Setting 40 to 79% of Time
Regular EC Setting < 40% of Time
Separate Class
Separate School
Residential Facility
Service Provider Location
8 4 6 0 5 1 4 2 1 0 19 0 1 1 0 4 28 4 4 0 1 3 0 5 1 200
2 2 1 0 0 0 8 1 1 0 6 0 0 0 0 1 13 0 0 0 1 1 1 7 0 76
1 1 1 1 7 0 3 2 1 0 5 0 0 1 1 3 10 7 3 0 3 4 1 0 0 97
1 1 0 0 2 3 0 2 0 0 12 0 2 1 0 10 15 5 0 0 2 7 0 1 1 190
0 4 1 3 7 1 5 1 0 0 36 0 0 4 1 7 3 6 0 0 2 3 0 2 2 200
5 14 2 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 41
0 1 0 0 3 0 3 2 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34
Home
0 0 5 1 1 1 1 6 2 2 23 0 0 0 0 4 14 2 2 0 1 4 0 4 0 123
Unknown/ Missing
0 2 8 22 2 0 0 7 11 0 16 0 0 13 1 17 0 0 0 4 15 13 3 3 1 261
State Total
17 29 24 27 28 6 26 25 16 4 119 0 4 20 3 48 87 27 9 4 25 36 5 22 5 1222
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Educational Setting: School Aged (6 to21) Settings State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey
52
Regular Class > 80%
Regular Class 40 to 79%
21 0 0 5 140 16 11 5 0 91 30 3 9 31 41 9 10 13 6 8 3 33 48 56 3 20 5 18 5 13 2
2 4 12 11 51 18 4 0 2 28 13 2 3 29 18 13 13 24 3 8 5 30 22 44 0 27 5 24 3 10 16
Regular Class < 40%
43 6 16 92 359 41 9 7 0 178 135 34 20 146 85 32 38 46 20 4 8 66 32 141 24 45 18 32 40 11 9
Separate School
40 1 96 5 155 17 21 19 5 79 27 3 5 50 13 12 3 8 2 4 30 46 153 38 6 53 4 9 16 7 20
Residential Facility
46 0 52 22 8 7 1 1 0 4 0 1 0 16 16 0 0 8 9 2 0 9 3 11 1 0 3 1 0 2 124
Homebound Hospital
4 4 6 26 38 5 1 2 0 24 9 2 5 17 4 0 5 5 9 0 0 7 12 20 13 9 2 2 11 7 3
Parentally Placed Private School
Unknown /Missing
5 1 0 3 19 0 0 0 0 11 1 2 1 6 5 1 0 1 5 2 8 13 6 2 0 4 1 2 0 4 1
0 3 1 1 97 0 0 18 9 91 0 3 4 3 0 0 3 0 28 0 102 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0
State Total
161 19 183 165 867 104 47 52 16 506 215 58 47 298 182 67 72 105 82 28 156 207 276 312 47 158 38 88 77 56 175
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
53
Regular Class > 80%
Regular Class 40 to 79%
27 47 23 6 85 16 15 3 61 4 2 5 8 19 92 11 4 0 29 28 6 18 4 1168
4 11 4 5 47 11 10 16 44 2 1 4 1 12 65 5 4 0 14 9 13 15 3 744
Regular Class < 40%
30 85 91 6 93 72 33 13 89 6 18 44 6 83 331 22 6 3 73 133 23 56 22 3075
Separate School
14 53 51 1 113 7 0 0 120 5 10 15 1 31 29 48 1 1 18 3 0 8 0 1476
Residential Facility
12 27 38 4 9 4 1 0 5 0 0 11 8 6 13 0 0 0 13 4 8 2 0 512
Homebound Hospital
7 7 24 1 17 12 5 8 3 11 1 12 2 21 64 4 2 0 11 9 1 3 2 479
Parentally Placed Private School
Unknown /Missing
1 3 4 0 1 2 2 2 13 0 0 7 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 10 9 5 0 166
0 87 0 0 0 6 0 8 11 0 0 5 0 3 0 0 0 12 5 1 31 6 0 545
State Total
95 320 235 23 365 130 66 54 346 28 32 103 27 177 594 90 17 16 163 197 91 113 31 8177
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
State Assessments State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico
54
Regular GradeLevel State Assessment
3 1 30 1 25 4 0 3 0 15 15 0 2 6 5 1 0 0 3 1 0 7 4 4 0 1 1 2 1 3 4 4
Regular with Accommodations
43 1 0 18 110 15 5 2 3 90 28 2 2 49 67 23 12 13 4 1 40 4 44 59 3 38 10 18 10 0 18 14
Alternative Assessments
100 7 127 85 348 57 18 17 5 125 130 20 14 141 104 36 36 40 13 6 84 108 188 180 27 79 18 43 49 17 142 77
Not Required at Age/Grade Level or Parent Opt Out
41 13 52 78 374 65 34 38 8 205 101 33 38 142 27 26 48 72 43 29 44 125 92 131 37 105 19 38 44 55 48 33
Unknown/ Missing
1 1 2 1 148 0 0 7 4 139 0 5 0 0 0 0 4 0 37 1 11 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
55
Regular GradeLevel State Assessment
8 5 0 70 1 9 0 12 0 0 2 5 2 41 0 0 0 10 6 1 2 0 320
Regular with Accommodations
31 30 6 5 4 0 1 65 4 1 21 3 19 59 8 1 1 16 23 9 19 3 1075
Alternative Assessments
59 142 8 179 74 24 25 161 8 21 42 10 69 248 50 12 1 94 104 24 55 21 3872
Not Required at Age/Grade Level or Parent Opt Out
123 99 17 143 82 56 24 338 18 16 71 14 162 370 70 16 6 71 110 61 67 15 4187
Unknown/ Missing
136 4 0 0 4 3 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 12 4 1 4 5 0 546
State Total
357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Educational Supports Data on children and youth receiving intervener services was collected on a pilot basis during the 2014 child count, with some state deaf-blind projects collecting the information. A total of 394 children and youth were reported as receiving intervener services during that year. The category was fully implemented in 2015, during which 587 children and youth were reported as receiving intervener services. This year (2017), 713 children and youth were reported as receiving intervener services. Interveners are key players in providing access to a child or youth who is deaf-blind. They provide access to information, the environment, communication, and conceptual learning. While it is encouraging to see that 713 children and youth are receiving intervener services, it is also discouraging that this accounts for only 7% of the population. Continued efforts are needed to implement the 2012 Intervener Services Recommendations.
Intervener Services State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada
56
Yes
No
0 0 15 0 68 5 5 0 1 11 12 0 0 7 12 0 9 0 2 3 9 14 28 99 0 43 2 16 12
Unknown/ Missing
188 22 195 183 366 135 44 67 19 61 227 60 56 314 171 86 86 125 50 30 157 192 300 275 67 179 46 61 68
0 1 1 0 571 1 8 0 0 502 35 0 0 17 20 0 5 0 48 5 13 39 0 0 0 1 0 24 26
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Yes
No
11 10 2 2 17 1 0 13 1 0 78 0 0 9 3 3 61 60 7 0 21 22 0 17 2 713
Unknown/ Missing
57 152 125 24 257 30 357 139 88 57 365 30 38 101 29 249 592 67 22 18 174 149 97 99 27 7173
8 50 1 331 6 0 40 13 3 0 133 0 0 27 0 0 65 1 0 2 0 73 2 32 10 2114
State Total
76 212 128 357 280 31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Living Setting The vast majority of children and youth live at home with their parents or extended family (92.9%). This percentage has gone up slightly over the past five years. Fewer children and youth are living with foster parents, in state or private residential facilities, or in group homes or apartments. Given that almost all children and youth who are deaf-blind live in a home setting, providing supports to families (nuclear, extended, and foster) is critical. Supports that include access to parent networks and leadership/self-advocacy skills training are important components of the umbrella of services needed for children who are deafblind and their families.
57
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Living Setting (Part 1 of 2) State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah
58
Home: Parents
179 20 199 151 881 135 53 63 15 462 249 51 39 292 173 80 90 107 56 36 167 237 311 348 59 213 40 91 100 73 203 115 287 220 26 357 137 83 44 537 30 32 124 24 225 668 123
Home: Extended Family
3 1 5 6 18 4 2 1 1 95 14 3 16 9 15 3 5 10 8 1 3 3 6 15 4 6 3 4 3 0 2 5 10 12 0 14 10 2 5 9 0 3 8 0 15 31 1
Home: Foster Parents
1 1 6 1 17 2 0 2 1 6 10 0 1 7 5 1 3 6 0 0 1 2 3 8 1 3 0 4 0 2 2 5 6 0 0 6 8 5 0 12 0 0 3 1 8 10 2
State Residential Facility
Private Residential Facility
Group Home (less than 6 residents)
5 0 1 3 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 14 1 1 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 5 2 0 1 0 0 0 2 3 0 0
0 0 0 21 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 5 8 0 0 0 3 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 3 1 1 35 0 14 1 0 0 8 0 2 0 5 0 3 0
0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Home: Parents
Home: Extended Family
29 10 170 223 79 130 34 8880
Home: Foster Parents
0 0 2 4 2 1 2 405
State Residential Facility
Private Residential Facility
Group Home (less than 6 residents)
0 0 2 2 14 1 0 75
0 0 5 0 0 0 0 123
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 19
Other
Unknown/ Missing
0 0 2 7 1 2 3 177
Living Setting (Part 2 of 2) State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina
59
Group Home (6 or more residents)
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Apartment (w/ nonfamily person(s))
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pediatric Nursing Home
0 0 0 0 16 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 11 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 5 0
0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 3 5
0 0 0 1 64 0 0 0 3 8 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 26 0 6 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 41 2
State Total
188 23 211 183 1005 141 57 67 20 574 274 60 56 338 203 86 100 125 100 38 179 245 328 374 67 223 48 101 106 76 212 128 357 280
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Group Home (6 or more residents)
North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
5 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 26
Apartment (w/ nonfamily person(s))
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Pediatric Nursing Home
0 0 0 0 0 6 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 53
Other
0 2 2 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 31
Unknown/ Missing
0 0 2 0 6 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 10 11 3 3 13 0 209
State Total
31 397 165 92 57 576 30 38 137 32 252 718 128 29 20 195 244 99 148 39 10000
Exiting Information The vast majority of children who exit Part C are eligible for Part B (91.4%). This percentage has remained relatively constant over the past five years, varying between 90% and 93%. The balance have moved out of state, been withdrawn by parents, were not able to be contacted, or died. An analysis to determine whether kids are “lost” in the transition from Part C to Part B revealed that about 15% of two-year-old children eligible for Part B on the 2016 National Deaf-Blind Child Count were not included on the 2017 child count as three year olds. Conversely, over one third (34.6%) of the 3-year-old children on the 2017 child count were not included on the 2016 child count as 2 year olds. Clearly, the transition from Part C to Part B represents a major child find challenge. Children and youth exit Part B for a number of reasons. They graduate, age out, transfer to regular education, drop out, or die. From 2013 to 2017, there has been a decrease in the number of youth graduating with a regular diploma, from 199 to 153. This has been accompanied by an increase in the number of youth who have aged-out from 192 to 231. Ensuring seamless transition between Part C and Part B is critical for maintaining appropriate services for children as they enter preschool. The number of children who seem to be “lost” in this transition warrants attention. While access to the general curriculum and graduation from high school has improved for the population of children and youth who are deaf-blind, significant efforts are needed to expand these opportunities. 60
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) The need for post-secondary education or employment has important implications for the continued development of effective post-secondary supports for students who are exiting Part B every year, whether through having received a diploma or certificate, simply aging out, or transitioning to adult services. The growing number of youth who drop out of school also has important implications for effective educational programming and the continued development of effective post-secondary supports.
Part C Exiting Status (Part 1 of 2) State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri
61
In EI Program
Completion of IFSP Prior to Maximum Age
Eligible for Part B
Not Eligible for Part B, Referrals to Other Programs
Part B Eligibility Not Determined
8 1 13 4 51 10 2 0 0 13 19 2 2 11 4 6 14 11 8 3 5 12 8 23 6 28
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 2 2 3 22 9 4 3 1 6 11 2 1 9 4 3 5 3 4 2 8 10 17 9 6 10
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Died
0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
In EI Program
Completion of IFSP Prior to Maximum Age
Eligible for Part B
Not Eligible for Part B, Referrals to Other Programs
Part B Eligibility Not Determined
4 4 17 3 8 11 10 17 2 6 10 10 3 111 2 2 14 2 30 37 11 3 0 7 11 3 13 3 618
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
2 1 12 9 7 7 10 6 2 8 14 2 1 52 1 0 5 0 15 28 6 3 0 4 19 0 6 1 381
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
Died
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
Part C Exiting Status (Part 2 of 2) State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia
62
Moved Out of State
Withdrawn by Parent
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Unable to Contact Parent
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Unknown/ Missing/Not in Part C
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
State Total
12 3 16 7 74 22 6 3 1 19 35
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
63
Moved Out of State
Withdrawn by Parent
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
Unable to Contact Parent
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
Unknown/ Missing/Not in Part C
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
State Total
4 3 22 8 9 21 14 12 5 13 22 25 32 12 40 7 5 33 12 15 18 20 25 4 14 24 12 4 168 3 2 19 2 51 67 17 6 0 11 30 3 19 4 1035
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21)
Part B Exiting Status (Part 1 of 2) State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas
64
In Special Education Program
180 22 199 176 846 131 54 67 20 560 259 57 55 326 196 82 91 112 93 35 174 230 317 351 61 208 47 95 90 74 204 122 347 262 28 408 146 83 54 459 30 36 123 32 231 680
Transferred to Regular Education
0 0 0 0 10 1 1 0 0 3 4 1 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 4 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 2 0 0 0 1 7 4 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 5 14
Graduated with Regular Diploma
0 0 6 14 29 0 1 0 0 4 5 3 0 11 5 0 0 8 0 3 1 0 1 9 0 1 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 7 0 0 11 1 0 2 0 3 1
Received a Certificate
1 0 0 3 12 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
Reached Maximum Age for Part B Services
7 3 13 0 21 2 1 0 0 14 2 0 0 17 0 0 0 0 2 0 3 15 0 11 1 10 0 0 3 2 0 0 25 7 0 20 8 0 1 7 2 3 0 0 1 1
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
In Special Education Program
Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Transferred to Regular Education
120 28 20 183 234 96 135 35 9304
Graduated with Regular Diploma
2 0 0 0 5 0 6 2 96
Received a Certificate
1 1 1 6 8 0 0 0 153
Reached Maximum Age for Part B Services
3 0 0 4 0 1 5 0 54
2 0 2 6 12 1 5 1 231
Part B Exiting Status (Part 2 of 2) State
Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico
65
Died
Moved: Known to be Continuing
0 0 3 4 1 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 2 3 1 0 7 6 3 8 1 0 1 2 0 0
2 0 2 6 112 11 1 0 0 1 5 0 0 7 10 1 0 2 0 1 0 3 4 7 0 18 0 1 4 0 0 1
Dropped Out
0 0 0 8 22 2 0 0 0 0 10 0 1 7 14 0 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 7 0 0 4 0 1 2
Unknown/ Missing
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 4 0 0 0
State Total
190 25 223 211 1053 149 58 67 20 582 290 62 56 371 232 85 91 132 97 44 183 250 352 384 66 253 49 102 112 78 207 125
2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) State
New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pacific Basin Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virgin Islands Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming National Total
Died
Moved: Known to be Continuing
0 2 0 3 3 0 2 4 1 0 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 78
0 6 0 0 3 0 0 6 8 0 0 0 12 0 3 1 0 6 6 0 0 1 251
Dropped Out
0 1 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 2 3 0 12 0 3 0 0 0 10 0 6 0 129
Unknown/ Missing
State Total
0 0 1 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 19
372 279 31 442 177 84 58 489 43 42 128 32 270 697 139 30 23 207 278 99 157 39 10315
References Herbster, H. (2015). Special education eligibility and the category of deafblindness: Examining the perspectives of case coordinators. [Dissertation]. Retrieved from https://etd.ohiolink.edu/ U.S. Department of Education. (2017a). IDEA Part C Child Count and Settings [Data file]. Retrieved July 2018 from http://www2.ed.gov/programs/osepidea/618data/static- tables/index.html U.S. Department of Education. (2017b). IDEA Part B child count and educational environments [Data file]. Retrieved July 2018 from http://www2.ed.gov/programs/osepidea/618-data/static-tables/index.html Malloy, P., & Killoran, J. (2007). Children who are deaf-blind. Practice Perspectives Highlighting Information on Deaf-Blindness. Monmouth, OR: National Consortium on Deaf-Blindness (NCDB), Teaching Research Institute, Western Oregon University. Retrieved from https://nationaldb.org/library/page/2064 McCormick, M. (2015). New to deafblindness? Five tips for administrators. TX SENSEABILITIES, Spring/Summer 2015, 10-13. Retrieved from http://www.tsbvi.edu/new-to-deafblindness-five-tips-for-administrators
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2017 National Deaf-Blind Child Count Summary (Ages Birth – 21) Mueller, E. (2006). Deaf-blind child counts: Issues and challenges. Alexandria, VA: Project Forum at NASDSE. Retrieved from http://nasdse.org/DesktopModules/DNNspotStore/ProductFiles/25_b77a012d-78ff-40ca-87e7-03bb13784ba4.pdf Purvis, B. & Schalock, M.D. (2014). Using evidence-based strategies and technical assistance to improve identification of infants and toddlers with combined vision and hearing loss. Visual Impairment and Deafblind Education Quarterly, 59(5), 20-24. Schalock, M.D. (2017). The 2016 National Child Count of Children and Youth who are Deaf-Blind. Monmouth, OR: National Center on Deaf-Blindness, The Research Institute, Western Oregon University. Retrieved from https://nationaldb.org/reports/national-childcount-2016
Contact Information Questions may be directed to Robbin Bull at
[email protected]. Digital copies of this, and earlier years of the report may be accessed or downloaded from: https://nationaldb.org/library/page/2199
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